We trained monkeys to make decisions about the direction of motion of an ambiguous stimulus without specifying how to report their decision. Surprisingly, monkeys did not make a decision while viewing the stimulus, but waited until they were told how to report the decision. Neurons in parietal cortex accumulated visual information stored in short-term memory to decide which action to take.
Sequential sampling from memory underlies action selection during abstract decision-making. Shushruth et al., Curr Biol (2022)
Also see this wonderfully accessible synopsis of our paper.
Cognitive neuroscience: Mental replay in monkeys. Batista & Horwitz, Curr Biol (2022)
We used chemogenetic and pharmacological approaches to inactivate a parietal cortical area thought to play a role in perceptual decision-making. Silencing caused monkeys to bias decisions, consistent with partial hemineglect. However, this bias dissipated over ~30 min and over subsequent experiments. Our results highlight the remarkable capacity of the brain to compensate for focal insults.
Deficits in decision-making induced by parietal cortex inactivation are compensated at two timescales. Jeurissen*, Shushruth* et al., Neuron (2022)
Perceptual decision making is the process of choosing an appropriate motor action based on perceived sensory information. Association areas of the cortex play an important role in this sensory-motor transformation. The neurons in these areas show both sensory- and motor-related activity. We show here that, in the macaque parietal association area LIP, signatures of the process of evidence accumulation that underlies the decisions are predominantly reflected in the motor-related activity. This finding supports the proposal that perceptual decision making is implemented in the brain as a process of choosing between available motor actions rather than as a process of representing the properties of the sensory stimulus.
Comparison of decision-related signals in sensory and motor preparatory responses of neurons in Area LIP. Shushruth*, Mazurek* & Shadlen, J Neurosci (2018)
Prior work done at the Angelucci Lab focused on how feedback from higher visual areas influences basic contextual effects like surround suppression. The work is summarized in this review.
Beyond the classical receptive field: Surround modulation in primary visual cortex. Angelucci & Shushruth, in The New Visual Neurosciences (2014)
The previous work reviewed include:
* Comparison of spatial summation properties of neurons in macaque V1 and V2. Shushruth*, Ichida* et al., J Neurophys (2009)
* Strong Recurrent Networks Compute the Orientation Tuning of Surround Modulation in the Primate Primary Visual Cortex. Shushruth et al., J Neurosci (2010)
* Different orientation tuning of near- and far-surround suppression in macaque primary visual cortex mirrors their tuning in human perception. Shushruth*, Nurminen* et al., J Neurosci (2013)
* Informative features of local field potential signals in primary visual cortex during natural image stimulation. Seyedhosseini*, Shushruth* et al., J Neurophys (2015)
shushruth @ pitt.edu
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